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Aeronautical Knowledge curriculum 23 chapters
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146 concepts
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Everything the adaptive question bank can teach and test in Aeronautical Knowledge, from foundations through advanced practice. Work through it in order, or start practising and let the questions find your level.
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A free 16-minute primer — the mental model, the mistakes beginners make, and what to practise first.
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Lift, weight, thrust, drag in equilibrium and maneuvers.
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Angle of attack, camber, Bernoulli + Newton framing.
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Critical AOA — a stall can happen at any speed/attitude.
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Stall + yaw; recovery philosophy (PARE concept).
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Parasite vs induced; L/D-max meaning.
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Float on landing, false lift on takeoff.
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Bank vs G vs stall speed (computed family).
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Va logic and weight dependence.
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Torque, P-factor, slipstream, gyroscopic precession.
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Static vs dynamic; CG's effect on stability and control.
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Aileron drag and coordinated rudder.
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Flap types and lift/drag consequences.
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Four-stroke basics; carbureted vs fuel-injected.
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Conditions, symptoms, carb-heat response.
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Leaning logic with altitude.
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Dual magnetos; mag-check meaning.
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Fixed vs constant-speed; prop-control basics.
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Tanks, selectors, contamination checks, fuel grades.
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Alternator/battery, bus, failures and load-shedding.
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Lubrication/cooling; temperature-pressure abnormalities.
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Attitude/heading gyros and vacuum-failure recognition.
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Airspeed/altimeter/VSI plumbing and blockage effects (computed family).
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V-speed meanings and the ASI color arcs.
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Setting logic; pressure/temperature altimetry errors.
C. Flight instruments & avionics
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Instrument roles and cross-check basics.
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PFD/MFD equivalents and failure modes at concept level.
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Variation/deviation; dip errors (UNOS/ANDS concepts).
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Codes (1200/7500/7600/7700) and ADS-B Out concept.
D. Performance & weight-balance
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High/hot/humid performance loss (computed family).
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Chart reading: wind, weight, surface, slope (computed).
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Headwind/crosswind resolution (computed family).
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Vx vs Vy; cruise-performance trade-offs.
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Moments, CG position, envelope checks (computed family).
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Forward vs aft CG handling/stall consequences.
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Fuel planning concepts and reserves.
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A–G dimensions, entry/equipment/weather minimums (computed-lookup family).
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Prohibited/restricted/warning/MOA/alert areas.
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TFRs and NOTAM checking discipline.
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Chart symbology literacy (text-representable subset).
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Runway/taxiway markings, signs, and lighting.
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Traffic-pattern legs, entries, non-towered etiquette.
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Flight following, clearances, readback discipline.
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Standard calls; CTAF discipline.
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Checkpoints + time-speed-distance (computed family).
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True/magnetic course/heading with wind correction (computed).
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Radials, To/From, CDI interpretation (computed family).
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GPS use, RAIM concept, database currency.
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Climb, communicate, confess, comply — the 4 Cs.
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Picking and computing a diversion quickly.
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Hypoxic/hypemic/stagnant/histotoxic recognition.
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Symptoms overlap; the paper-bag-era correction.
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Vestibular illusions (the leans, graveyard spiral).
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Runway width/slope, black-hole approach.
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Personal checklists; risk frameworks.
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Five attitudes + antidotes.
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Bottle-to-throttle and physiology basics.
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Workload management, checklists, automation discipline.
H. Emergencies & systems failures
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Best-glide first; ABCDE flow concept.
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Engine vs electrical vs cabin responses.
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Load-shed, land-as-required judgment.
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180° turn discipline; instrument trust.
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7700, MAYDAY/PAN-PAN usage.
I. Flight controls & trim
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Ailerons, elevator, rudder — axis each commands.
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Flaps, trim, spoilers roles.
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Relieving pressure, not steering with trim.
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Alternate configurations at recognition level.
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Rudder-aileron coordination in turns.
J. Takeoff & landing operations
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Rotation, climbout, Vy capture.
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Aileron into wind; sideslip touchdown concept.
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Obstacle-clearance profile; Vx use.
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Weight-off-nosewheel technique logic.
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Criteria; the mandatory go-around trigger.
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Power, pitch, flaps sequencing.
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Energy management in the flare.
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Power/pitch relationships; cruise climbs vs Vy.
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Bank/backpressure/overbanking tendencies.
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Region of reversed command awareness.
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Load factor and altitude-holding technique.
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Wind-drift correction patterns.
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Best-glide speed; wind's effect on range.
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Sunset/civil-twilight/night definition ladder (position-light vs logging vs currency).
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Off-center viewing; dark adaptation protection.
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Black hole, autokinesis, false horizon.
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Beacons, REILs, VASI/PAPI color logic (computed family).
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Click sequences concept.
M. Airport data & communications extras
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Reading airport entries (frequencies, lighting, remarks).
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NOTAM categories and retrieval.
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Light-gun color meanings ground vs air (computed-grid family).
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Land-and-hold-short participation rules.
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Hot spots, hold-short discipline, readbacks.
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Rotation/touchdown-point offsets behind heavies.
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Cabin heat/CO risk; defrost.
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Pitot heat and light-aircraft anti-ice limits.
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Avionics master; alternator-failure endurance.
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Starting basics; flooded/hot-start concepts.
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Excess power; weight/altitude effects.
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L/D and configuration effects (computed).
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Right-rudder demand on takeoff.
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Why frost kills lift before weight.
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Envelope corners concept.
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Cold-air performance and altimetry interplay.
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Grass/slope corrections concept.
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Absolute vs service ceiling.
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Takeoff/landing distance sensitivity (computed).
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Decompression wait-time rules.
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Self-grounding judgment.
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OTC impairment and IMSAFE integration.
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Life-stress as a no-go factor.
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Heater-sourced CO recognition.
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Groundspeed/WCA computation (computed family).
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Lead/lag rollout logic (computed).
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Standard-rate timing math (computed).
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7600 and light-signal reliance.
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Burn/reserve planning problems (computed family).
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Victor airways/MEA concepts on sectionals for terrain.
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Maximum elevation figures per quadrangle.
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Reading variation off the chart.
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Lighted/unlighted, group obstacles, height reading.
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Towered vs non-towered, services, runway depiction.
S. Weight-shift & special aircraft awareness
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Handling/visibility differences.
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Ground-loop tendency awareness.
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Gear systems and GUMPS discipline.
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Boost management awareness.
T. Engine management detail
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MP/RPM relationships on constant-speed.
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Leaning by temperatures.
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Priming and vapor-lock handling.
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Rough-run diagnostic ladder.
U. Cross-country planning detail
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Terrain, airspace, alternates thinking.
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Identifiable features spacing.
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Legs, times, fuel columns discipline (computed).
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Winds, terrain, hemispheric rule interplay.
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Outs planned before takeoff.
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VFR plan open/close discipline.
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Requesting/keeping radar advisories.
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Sequencing/separation expectations.
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Error trap and phraseology precision.
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Reporting formats at towered/non-towered.
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Requesting SVFR properly.
W. Ground operations detail
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Flow + checklist discipline.
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Sumping, contamination recognition.
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Wind-correction control positions (computed-grid).
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Mag/carb-heat/gauge checks meaning.
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Why and how it goes wrong.
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Tie-downs, chocks, gust locks.
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